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With the increasing awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection among people, along with the continuous maturity of solar energy technologies, the application of solar street lights is becoming more widespread. One major reason for the popularity of solar street lights is that the energy used for lighting comes entirely from solar energy, which means zero electricity cost. What are the design details of solar street lights? Here is an introduction from Century Sunshine Lighting’s editor.
Design details of solar street lights:
1) Tilt Angle Design
In order to maximize the solar radiation received by the solar panel throughout the year, it is essential to choose an optimal tilt angle for the solar panels.
Discussions about the optimal tilt angle of solar panels depend on the specific region of use.
2) Wind Resistance Design
One critical aspect to focus on in the solar street light system is wind resistance design. This mainly consists of two components: the wind resistance design of the solar panel support structure and the pole. Below is an analysis of these two components.
⑴ Wind Resistance Design of Solar Panel Support
According to the technical specifications from the solar panel manufacturers, solar panels can withstand a wind pressure of 2700Pa. If the wind resistance coefficient is set at 27m/s (equivalent to a level 10 typhoon), using non-viscous fluid mechanics, the wind pressure acting on the panel is only 365Pa. Therefore, the panel itself can easily withstand wind speeds of 27m/s without damage. The critical aspect of the design is to consider the connection between the solar panel support and the pole.
In this solar street light system design, the solar panel support is connected to the pole using bolted connections.
For manufacturers of LED garden lights, it is essential to maintain quality while being relatively professional in all aspects of installation, and they often provide some warranty. Therefore, it is crucial to choose manufacturers carefully. LED lights are a new type of lighting product that must meet safety standards to prevent potential safety hazards. Additionally, the lifespan of LED garden lights is relatively long, so when purchasing, it’s important to check the warranty period and ideally choose brands with a warranty of 3-5 years to ensure timely repair if problems arise in the future.
When purchasing any product, we generally consider the availability and quality of the offered prices; the purchasing process for solar street lights is no different. In addition to the above aspects, reliability in the manufacturing process of solar street lights should also be taken into account.
⑵ Wind Resistance Design of Street Light Pole
The parameters of the street light are as follows:
Tilt Angle of Solar Panel A = 16 degrees Height of Pole = 5m
The design selects a weld width of the pole base δ = 4mm and an outer diameter of the pole base = 168mm.
The area of the weld is also the destruction face of the pole. The calculation of the moment of resistance W at the destruction face of the pole considering the effect of the solar panel load F at point P is:
PQ = [5000+(168+6)/tan16 degrees]× Sin16 degrees = 1545mm = 1.545m. Thus, the wind load moment acting on the destruction face of the pole is M = F×1.545. The proportion of failures caused by construction quality is substantial.
Based on a maximum allowable design wind speed of 27m/s, the basic load for a solar street light with dual 30W heads is 730N. Considering a safety factor of 1.3, F = 1.3×730 = 949N.
Therefore, M = F×1.545 = 949×1.545 = 1466N·m.
According to mathematical derivation, the moment of resistance for a circular ring destruction face is W = π×(3r^2δ+3rδ^2+δ^3).
In this equation, r is the inner diameter of the ring, and δ is the width of the ring.
The moment of resistance at the destruction face W = π×(3r^2δ+3rδ^2+δ^3)
= π×(3×84^2×4+3×84×4^2+4^3) = 88768mm^3
= 88.768×10^-6 m^3
The stress caused by the moment of the wind load on the destruction face = M/W
= 1466/(88.768×10^-6) = 16.5×10^6pa = 16.5 Mpa compared to the yield strength of Q235 steel at 215Mpa.
4. The insulation resistance must be measured using a 500V insulation resistance tester before and after the cable laying, generally not below 10MCl.
The photocurrent i_s on the receiver is read, then the LED is placed on the window, and the corresponding receiver photocurrent i_t is read, then the total luminous flux Φ of the LED is:
Therefore, the selected weld width meets the requirements, and as long as the welding quality is guaranteed, the wind resistance of the pole should not be an issue.
Controller
The main function of the solar charge and discharge controller is to protect the battery. Basic functions must include overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, light control, time control, reverse polarity protection, trickle charging protection, undervoltage protection, and waterproof protection.
2. A pit that meets standards must be reserved (excavated) at the lamp position (depth designed according to the pole height); pre-embedded parts should be positioned and poured. The pre-embedded part should be placed in the center of the square pit, with one end of the PVC conduit placed in the center of the pre-embedded part and the other end at the battery storage location. It’s essential to maintain the same horizontal plane between the embedded parts, foundation, and the original ground level (or the top of the screw aligned with the original ground level, depending on site requirements) while ensuring one side is parallel to the road. This allows for the pole to stand straight without tilting after installation. The concrete should be C20, continuously vibrated during curing to ensure overall density and strength.
The above details about the design of solar street lights are shared here. I hope this article is helpful to everyone. If there are any other questions about solar street lights, feel free to reach out to the Century Sunshine manufacturer or leave a message for further discussion.
